Unpacking the management of Oligo-coopetition strategies in the absence of a moderating third party

Recent research has highlighted the importance of management for success dyadic coopetition strategies. Coopetition, however, does not always occur in settings. Oligo-coopetition strategies, i.e., strategy among more than two but only a small number coopetitors, and its remain largely understudied. simultaneously increases both potential benefits risks coopetition. Past highlights key role third parties managing oligo-coopetition. However, what happens when there is no such party? We investigate this question through longitudinal case study Total Group oil gas exploration production projects. The results outline how companies manage oligo-coopetition without parties. More precisely, first highlight three strategies oligo-coopetition: (1) “shareholder” coopetition, (2) “vertical” (3) “combined vertical horizontal” results, second, specific organizational designs principles associated with these